品牌：Lumafluor

貨號(hao)：R180

名稱：Red Retrobeads™ (100 µl)

國(guo)內渠道現貨商：靶點科(ke)技

論文題目：Thirst neurons anticipate the homeostatic consequences of eating and drinking

期刊(kan)：Nature volume 537, pages 680–684 (2016)

中文摘要：口(kou)渴(ke)(ke)會促使(shi)動物喝水(shui)以(yi)保(bao)持體液(ye)(ye)平衡。口(kou)渴(ke)(ke)通常被視為(wei)(wei)(wei)對(dui)血容量或張力變(bian)化的穩態(tai)反應(ying)。然(ran)(ran)而，大多(duo)數飲(yin)酒行為(wei)(wei)(wei)的調節(jie)速(su)度太快，無法直(zhi)接由血液(ye)(ye)成分控制，相反，似乎在穩態(tai)失衡出現(xian)(xian)之前就預測(ce)了(le)它們(men)。如何實(shi)現(xian)(xian)這(zhe)一點仍然(ran)(ran)未(wei)(wei)知(zhi)。在這(zhe)里，我(wo)們(men)揭示了(le)穹窿下(xia)(xia)器(qi)官（SFO）在小鼠口(kou)渴(ke)(ke)的預期調節(jie)中的意想不到的作用。通過監測(ce)深部腦鈣(gai)動力學(xue)，我(wo)們(men)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)促進口(kou)渴(ke)(ke)的SFO神(shen)(shen)經(jing)元在進食和(he)飲(yin)水(shui)過程(cheng)中對(dui)口(kou)腔(qiang)的輸入(ru)做出反應(ying)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)將這(zhe)些輸入(ru)與有關血液(ye)(ye)成分的信息整合在一起。這(zhe)種整合使(shi)SFO神(shen)(shen)經(jing)元能夠預測(ce)持續的食物和(he)水(shui)消(xiao)耗將如何改(gai)變(bian)未(wei)(wei)來的體液(ye)(ye)平衡，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)先發(fa)制人地調整行為(wei)(wei)(wei)。互(hu)補(bu)的光遺傳(chuan)學(xue)操作表明，這(zhe)種預期調節(jie)對(dui)于在幾種情況下(xia)(xia)的飲(yin)酒是(shi)必要的。這(zhe)些發(fa)現(xian)(xian)提供了(le)一種神(shen)(shen)經(jing)機制來解釋(shi)長(chang)期的行為(wei)(wei)(wei)觀察，包括(kuo)進餐時(shi)飲(yin)酒的普遍性，口(kou)渴(ke)(ke)的快速(su)飽腹(fu)感，以(yi)及口(kou)腔(qiang)冷(leng)卻是(shi)解渴(ke)(ke)的事(shi)實(shi)。

英(ying)文(wen)摘要：Thirst motivates animals to drink in order to maintain fluid balance. Thirst has conventionally been viewed as a homeostatic response to changes in blood volume or tonicity. However, most drinking behaviour is regulated too rapidly to be controlled by blood composition directly, and instead seems to anticipate homeostatic imbalances before they arise. How this is achieved remains unknown. Here we reveal an unexpected role for the subfornical organ (SFO) in the anticipatory regulation of thirst in mice. By monitoring deep-brain calcium dynamics, we show that thirst-promoting SFO neurons respond to inputs from the oral cavity during eating and drinking and then integrate these inputs with information about the composition of the blood. This integration allows SFO neurons to predict how ongoing food and water consumption will alter fluid balance in the future and then to adjust behaviour pre-emptively. Complementary optogenetic manipulations show that this anticipatory modulation is necessary for drinking in several contexts. These findings provide a neural mechanism to explain longstanding behavioural observations, including the prevalence of drinking during meals, the rapid satiation of thirst, and the fact that oral cooling is thirst-quenching.

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